Abstract
As soon as the early 19th century, long before the great Romantic revolution, we can notice that some playwright massivly resorted to History, and more particularly to medieval history. Nepomucene Lemercier, author of several medieval tragedies, seems to be one of the precursors of medieval rehabilitation operated by Romanticism. Despite censorship and the misunderstanding of the audience, he experimented on a form of national historical tragedy wich enabled reflection about the weakness of great men, the ambitguity of glorious historical events, and the ambivalence of power. Among a rather stereotyped drama production which essentially uses the Middle Ages from an edifying point of view, the work of Lemercier stands out as it offers a true reflection on the political use of History in drama, wich will guide and make way for the triomphal entry of History on the Romantic stage, while opening the path for a struggle for creative freedom.
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