Les marqueurs de l’oxydation des lipides

Abstract

Markers of lipid oxidation are among the markers of redox imbalance and, as such, some of them may be included for oxidative stress assessment, in the context of diagnosis or monitoring of human pathologies, especially cardiovascular or neurological diseases. To these markers of various structures (hydroperoxides, aldehydes, oxysterols, isoprostanes) are added biomarkers of the oxidation of low density lipoproteins. In parallel, the field of lipidomics of oxidized phospholipids is developing and should allow the access to these phospholipid biomarkers in clinical practice. At present, isoprostanes seem to be relevant markers of lipid oxidation, but the reference method for their determination is based on mass spectrometry, which may constitute a technological limitation. A major pitfall is the lack of current standardization of most lipid oxidation markers, with also the consequence of reference values to be established by each laboratory. Finally, it is always better to favor a panel of redox imbalance markers rather than an isolated marker, with a combination chosen according to the nature of the oxidized biological targets and the practicability of the assays, and associating quantification of antioxidants.