Les invariances de jauge classiques de l’électrodynamique quantique

Abstract

One first recalls the principles of gauge invariance and studies their violations occuring in perturbation theory:i.e., the well known photon self-energy; the commonly ignored photon-photon interaction term. One then constructs a new equation for the photon field, involving new renormalization constants, which is such that theS-matrix is gauge invariant, without using regularization. Gauge invariance of the field equations supplies relations for the new renormalization constants. Non perturbative calculation proves the consistency of these relations and connects the new constants to the observable quantities. The values of these constants are then calculated to every order of perturbation theory.