Abstract

In the first part of the article, some fundamental considerations with respect to training of learning competencies and some principles of implementation are presented. To start, relations and differences between learning, intelligence, and thinking are discussed. Arguments supporting biological determination of intelligence are contrasted to those in favor of cognitive modifiability. Subsequently, DELV (understanding one's own learning processes), a metacognitive program for adolescents and adults, is presented. DELV starts from the constructivist assumption that learning strategies cannot be taught like school subjects, but have to be discovered by the students themselves. Some didactic rules are formulated that help teachers to arrange an optimal environment for exploration and discussion of individual strategies.

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