İleri Kademe Ekmeklik Buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) Mutant Hatlarının Verim ve Kalite Parametrelerine Göre Seleksiyonu

Abstract

In the presented research, conventional gamma ray mutagenesis was used to develop new mutant line(s), which have such characters moderate and/or high yielding, semi dwarf and early maturing. Thus, Selimiye cultivar, TCI2066 and three sisters’ line of TCI2021 were irradiated with 200 Gy gamma rays and segregated up to sixth generations. 15 advanced mutant lines from M6 generation and their parent and five commercial wheat cultivars, which have superior characters than others were evaluated according to some agronomic parameters, such as grain yield (GY), thousand kernel weight (TKW), test weight (TW), protein content (PRT), hardness (HARD), days of heading and plant height, under field condition during 2012-2014 growing years in Edirne, Turkey. As a result of study, the highest grain yield was determined from the mutant lines derived from Selimiye wheat cultivar than commercial cultivars. The mutant lines of TCI2021-21M4-2 and TCI2021-23M5-2 were given the highest value in terms of protein content, and the highest hardness values were determined from the mutant lines of TCI2066-9M2-3, TCI2066-9M2-1 and TCI2021-21M4-2, respectively. The mutant line of TCI2021-12M3-8 was measured the shortest one among them. Additionally, a strong positive correlation was determined between GY and TKW, and TW in both growing season. In conclusion, gamma ray mutagenesis had efficiently used in local bread wheat improving programmes to develop mutant lines with superior characters, and TKW and TW could be used as selection criteria for maintaining grain yield under divers rainfall conditions of Trakya Region.