Abstract
The lepton angular distribution coefficients $A_i$ for $Z$ boson production in $pp$ and $\bar p p$ collisions have been measured at the LHC and the Tevatron. A recent study showed that many features of the measured angular distribution coefficients, including the transverse momentum ($q_T$) and rapidity dependencies and the violation of the Lam-Tung relation, can be well described using an intuitive geometric approach. In this paper, we extend this geometric approach to describe the angular distribution coefficients for $W$ boson produced in $\bar{p} p$ collisions at the Tevatron. We first compare the data with a perturbative QCD calculation at $\mathcal{O}(\alpha_s^2)$. We then show that the data and QCD calculations can be well described with the geometric approach. Implications for future studies at the LHC energy are also discussed.
Highlights
Dilepton production in hadron-hadron collision has been studied extensively following the pioneering experiment performed in 1970 [1]
The lepton angular distribution coefficients Ai for Z boson production in pp and pp collisions have been measured at the LHC and the Tevatron
We show that the data and QCD calculations can be well described with the geometric approach
Summary
Dilepton production in hadron-hadron collision has been studied extensively following the pioneering experiment performed in 1970 [1]. Boer [11] suggested that a novel transverse-momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribution, the Boer-Mulders function [12], can give rise to a cos 2φ azimuthal angular modulation, resulting in a violation of the Lam-Tung relation. This explained the observed violation of the Lam-Tung relation and allowed the first extraction of the Boer-Mulders functions from pion and proton induced Drell-Yan data [11,13]. [17], the lepton angular distribution in Z boson production was described using an intuitive geometric approach Both the violation of the Lam-Tung relation. In the rest frame of W, the charged lepton angular distribution has a very simple form when it is expressed with respect to the z0 axis, namely, dσ dΩ þ a θ0 þ cos
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