Abstract
Aims: To evaluate the effect of obesity associated or not with Metabolic Syndrome (MS) on leptinemia, insulinemia and lipid profile in subjects from the region of Cap-Bon in northeastern Tunisia. Methods: Ninety seven individuals were included in this study. Anthropometric parameters (Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC) and Hip Circumference (HC), metabolic parameters (Total Cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, HDL-C, Non-Esterified Fatty Acids (NEFA), Triglycerides (TG), CEReactive Protein (CRP), glucose) and hormones (insulin and leptin) were determined. Insulin resistance was estimated by Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Metabolic syndrome was identified with the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. Results: Obese patients with and without MS, Ob-MS and Ob groups, have significantly increased plasma levels of glucose, TG, TC, LDL-C and decreased HDL-C. In obese subjects Ob and Ob-MS, plasma levels of insulin and the HOMA-IR index were increased especially when obesity is associated with MS, conversely to leptin which decreases slightly in the presence of MS. Leptinemia was positively correlated with BMI in the whole population. But, we did not find any correlation between leptinemia and HOMA-IR. In controls, plasma leptin concentrations were positively correlated to LDL-C (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings support the link between leptinemia in obesity, associated or not with MS. However, in the Tunisian population plasma leptin was not associated to insulin profile.
Highlights
Obesity (Ob) and Metabolic Syndrome (MS) constitute a major public health problem throughout the world [1]
Circulating levels of leptin appears always correlated with Body Mass Index (BMI), it is greatly increased in obese subjects [9,10]
Mean levels of BMI, Waist Circumference (WC), Hip Circumference (HC), Waist to Hip Ratio (Wc/Hc), SBP, DBP, glucose, Triglycerides (TG), Total Cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, C-Reactive Protein (CRP) were significantly increased and HDL-C levels were significantly reduced in obese subjects with and without MS compared to controls
Summary
Obesity (Ob) and Metabolic Syndrome (MS) constitute a major public health problem throughout the world [1]. Several studies consider obesity as a key element in the development of several components of the MS [2]. This syndrome is associated with multiple metabolic and cardiovascular diseases [3] and refers to a constellation of metabolic abnormalities linked together [4]. Several studies have demonstrated that leptin was involved in the pathophysiology of obesity while playing a crucial role in regulating the size of body fat. It has been reported that the increase in fat mass and increased serum leptin level, lead to a decrease in the production of insulin, explaining the bidirectional feedback loop between adipose tissue and pancreatic islets called the adipoinsular axis [13]. We tried to study the influence of obesity associated or not with MS on lipid profile and some key control peptides i.e leptinemia and insulinemia in patients and control subjects in the region of Cap-Bon, Tunisia
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