Abstract
Obesity (with high leptin and reduced adiponectin serum concentrations) correlates with reduced fertility. Embryos oviductal transport depends on coordinated ciliary activity and smooth muscle contractions, which are modulated by intracellular calcium levels. We hypothesize that leptin and adiponectin affect ciliary beat frequency and intracellular calcium homeostasis, changing the embryos transport velocity through the rat oviduct. Effect of different leptin or adiponectin concentrations (1, 10 and 100 ng/ml) over ciliary beat frecuency was tested on primary cultures of ciliated cells from the rat epithelium. We observe a transient decrease in ciliary beat frequency with leptin and increase with adiponectin. High leptin levels resulted in a reduction on propagation velocity of intracellular calcium wave produced after a mechanical stimulation in 24 hrs treated cell cultures, and adiponectin showed the opposite effect. We test in vivo effects in female rats, on day 1 of pregnancy, leptin or adiponectin (100 ng/ml) were injected in one side of ovarian bursa and vehicle in the contralateral side. On pregnancy day 5, leptin induces retention of the embryos in the oviduct, in other wise, adiponectin have no effects on embryonic transport all of the embryos were finding in uterus. These provide a possible explanation for the cellular effect of obesity on the reduced female fertility (ACT‐79 and CONICYT 24121342).
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