Abstract
Due to the often late detection and the neurological disability as aconsequence of the disease, leprosy plays an important role in the public health system of emerging countries with the highest prevalence such as India and Brazil. The National Leprosy Control Program of the Ministry of Health and the Health Institutions of the Federal States in Brazil has implemented a strategy to ensure successful treatment of people in rural areas both at the preventive and curative level. Asuccessful screening program, timely treatment of patients according to the stage of disease, and the introduction of preventive measures have significantly reduced the prevalence of leprosy in Brazil over the last 20years. Due to limited medical care and socioeconomic weakness in the Amazon region in Brazil, the early eradication of leprosy does not seem to be currently realistic.
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