Abstract

This paper presents a capacity study of multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems. Because of their low propagation loss and low latency, LEO satellites are attracting the attention of researchers. MIMO transmission is possible for LEO terminals as they connect to many satellites, which offers higher capacities than current geostationary earth orbit (GEO) systems which offer connections to just single satellites. One difficulty is that LEO satellites experience Doppler frequency shift, which is a significant determiner of MIMO-LEO system performance. We take account of the Doppler frequency shift in deriving the capacity of MIMO-LEO satellite communication systems. Simulations show that the MIMO transmission by three satellites achieves the greatest improvement in system capacity of the conventional system if the bandwidth is limited to 10 MHz; a four-fold increase, on average, is seen for 12 GHz down link channels in the Ku band. Moreover, further capacity improve-ment can be achieved if the system bandwidth is sufficiently larg-er than the Doppler frequency.

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