Lentinus squarrosulus: Nutritional composition, phytochemistry, health-promoting activities and toxicity profile

Abstract

Lentinus squarrosulus (Mont) is a nutritious and therapeutic edible mushroom with a tough fruiting body. This study aims to provide comprehensive and up-to-date literature on the nutritional composition, biologically active compounds, and health-promoting effects of L. squarrosulus. Databases such as ScienceDirect, Wiley, Springer, and PubMed were used for the material search, and only papers published in English were considered. Biologically active compounds contained in L. squarrosulus are 1-tetradecene, fumaric acid, 9-eicosene, phytol, octahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine, 3-trifluoroacetoxypentadecane F, 2(5 H)-furanone, methyl 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine acetate, ergosterol, 9-octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester, hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, pentadecanoic acid-methyl ester, albuterol, oleic acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, gentisic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, cinnamic acid, catechin, tannic acid, quercetin, isoquercetin, kaempferol, and eriodictyol. Biochemical studies showed that L. squarrosulus possesses antimicrobial, antiulcer, anticancer, antioxidant, gastroprotective, and antidiabetic activities. This study has shown that L. squarrosulus has a therapeutic effect against various of diseases and can be used as a raw material for the development of therapeutic products. However, clinical studies are needed to prove the efficacy of L. squarrosulus for therapeutic purposes.