Abstract
Lentinula edodes (shiitake), an edible and medicinal mushroom, was chosen for this study with the aim of evaluating the possibility of release of bioelements into artificial digestive juices and analyzing the anti-inflammatory properties. The extracts were prepared from fruiting bodies and biomass enriched with copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se). The content of bioelements was analyzed by total reflection X-ray fluorescence method. Relatively low content of elements was observed in the fruiting bodies: Cu–1.6, Zn–7.6, and Se–0.12 mg/100 g d.w. compared to mycelial cultures. The anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated in RAW 264.7 cells. Based on the levels of cyclooxygenase 2 protein, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ determined using Western blot technique, it was found that the addition of bioelements enhanced the anti-inflammatory properties of mycelium. This indicates that L. edodes cultured on a suitable medium may be used as a potential component of anti-inflammatory products.
Highlights
Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler (Basidiomycota), known as shiitake, is the second most popular species of edible mushroom next to Agaricus bisporus
The amount of biomass obtained from L. edodes mycelium cultures grown on control media was 8–9 g d.w./ L medium, whereas the amount obtained from media enriched with bioelements (Cu, Se, Zn) was 9–9.5 g
In the first stage of the study, the content of selected macro(K, Ca) and microelements (Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se) in the fruiting bodies of L. edodes of commercial origin was determined, as well as those present in the mycelium of L. edodes obtained from in vitro cultures grown on modified liquid media, which were enriched with Cu, Zn, and Se compounds in inorganic (ZnSO4, CuSO4) and organic forms (C8H12N2O8Zn, C12H22CuO14, and Selol) (Table 1)
Summary
Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler (Basidiomycota), known as shiitake, is the second most popular species of edible mushroom next to Agaricus bisporus The study aimed to analyze whether the elements added to the culture media were accumulated in higher amounts by mycelium and were released into artificial digestive juices in a Gastroel-2014 apparatus which is especially designed for this purpose [13]. It was checked whether the bioelements were released effectively under conditions imitating those prevailing in the human gastrointestinal tract, which could be reflected in their protective effects on the mucous membranes of the stomach and intestines
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