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Abstract
We performed near-diffraction limited two-photon fluorescence (TPF) imaging through a lensless, multicore-fiber (MCF) endoscope utilizing digital phase conjugation. The phase conjugation technique is compatible with commercially available MCFs with high core density. We demonstrate focusing of ultrashort pulses through an MCF and show that the method allows for resolution that is not limited by the MCF core spacing. We constructed TPF images of fluorescent beads and cells by digital scanning of the phase-conjugated focus on the target object and collection of the emitted fluorescence through the MCF.
Highlights
There is strong interest in developing high-resolution devices for internal in vivo imaging
Because the fundamental mode consists of light that effectively has a lower numerical aperture (NA) than higher-order modes, it is expected that the LP01 mode would create a larger focus spot than the LP11 mode.[29]
These results demonstrate the ability of digital phase conjugation (DPC) to control and couple the pulse directly into the LP01 mode
Summary
There is strong interest in developing high-resolution devices for internal in vivo imaging. A wavefront shaping method has been demonstrated with MCFs for multiphoton imaging.[18] The system developed by Andresen et al.[18] uses a custom-fabricated MCF comprised of 169 highly spaced, single-mode cores arranged in a hexagonal grid With this fiber, the light field can be controlled with minimal core-to-core coupling. We construct TPF images by digital scanning of the phase-conjugated focus on the target object and fluorescence collection through the MCF to obtain images of fluorescently stained beads and cells
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