Abstract

The humanist essence of Marxism-Leninism consists above all in the ideas of the revolutionary liberation of toilers from capitalist exploitation and in constructing socialism and communism aimed at the comprehensive and free development of the worker's personality. Having devoted his entire life to political enlightenment and organization of the working class and to preparing the masses for revolution, and seeing in mass movements the major condition for the success of socialist transformations, Lenin, in addition, constantly kept in his field of vision problems of development of the individual and saw the close relationship between the destinies of various social types and of the classes represented by these individuals. It is well known that Lenin emphatically rejected the criticism that Marxism underestimates problems of the individual. He considered these assertions "idealist nonsense," acknowledgment of which would destroy Marxism "wholly, from the very start, from its most basic philosophical premises" (Complete Collected Works [Polnoe sobranie sochinenii], Vol. 18, p. 377).

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