Abstract
In addition to the integer conductance quantization in units of G0 (=2e 2 /h), a quantum point contact (QPC) often reveals a fractional conductance plateau, especially at 0.7G0, which is called the 0.7 anomaly. The one-dimensionality of the constriction (or QPC) has been debated as to whether or not it is a key element in the appearance of the anomaly. In this study, we specifically focused on the length dependence of the conductance anomaly in QPC’s for a nominally identical width of nano-constrictions. The anomaly was shown to be more likely caused by the Kondo eect in a carrier-confining region formed inside a short QPC with its length comparable to its width while spontaneous spin polarization along with the opening of a spin gap better explains the anomalous conductance behavior in a longer QPC.
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