Abstract

THE existing handbooks of bird-classification and description are deficient in three important particulars. They are inexact and incomplete on the distinction between immature, mating and ordinary adult plumages. Descriptive adjectives, such as “short” and “long,” which have none but a relative application, are used instead of absolute descriptions. Lastly, the study of nidification is very unsatisfactory. Such defects are the cause of much error and waste of labour to the student. Leitfaden zum Bestimmen der Vögel Mittel-Europas, ihrer Jugendkleider und ihrer Nester nach leicht und sicher erkennbaren Merkmalen. Prof. F. Dahl. Pp. viii + 162. (Berlin: Gebrüder Borntraeger, 1912.) Price 5.20 marks.

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