LEISURE OF THE PEOPLES OF DAGHESTAN: TRADITIONS AND INNOVATIONS

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to show, using the example of Daghestan, the traditional forms of leisure and their transformation at the present time. The sources for its writing were the studies of Russian ethnographers, as well as the field material of the author. Traditional forms of leisure, like other components of everyday culture, are closely related to the lifestyle, worldview and religious beliefs of peoples. The natural-geographical, economic conditions of Daghestan, the peculiarities of the norms and stereotypes of interpersonal, social relationsб developed over the centuries, as well as the dynamics of the ethno-cultural characteristics in the modern time - these and other factors underlie the formation of a pronounced, recognizable originality of leisure culture Daghestanis. Both in everyday life, and on holidays, not only collective leisure, ritual meals, fun, and relaxation were needed, but also mutual assistance, material and physical participation in the organization and conduct of leisure activities. The article notes that in our days, an awakened interest in traditional culture is expressed in the return to folk forms of leisure, in their revival. Examples are given that confirm the thesis that a changing way of life ultimately leads to the transformation of forms of leisure. It is emphasized that the main part of the traditional leisure was aimed at the all-round development of the personality, physical improvement, as well as entertainment. Over time, almost all traditional forms of leisure were transformed or completely lost, and in their place came other models, not always the best, but generally corresponding to the modern way of life of the people.