Abstract
American cutaneous leishmaniasis acquired epidemic characteristics on the northern coastline of the State of São Paulo beginning in the 1990s. From secondary data, a descriptive study of the disease in the four municipalities making up this region over the period from 1993 to 2005 was conducted. The frequency of phlebotomine capture in the probable transmission locations was analyzed. 689 autochthonous cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis were notified, with single and grouped cases, thus determining that the spatial distribution was heterogenous. There was synchronism and cyclicity of disease manifestation, at intervals of six to eight years. All ages were affected, with slight predominance among males, without association with any specific occupation. Among the 2,758 phlebotomines captured, Nyssomyia intermedia predominated (80.4%) inside homes and in areas surrounding them. The disease presented a transmission profile inside homes and in areas surrounding them, between the urban fringe and forests, and inside forests. In such cases, transmission would be more related to enzootic foci.
Highlights
American cutaneous leishmaniasis acquired epidemic characteristics on the northern coastline of the State of São Paulo beginning in the 1990s
A partir da década de 1990, a doença manifestou-se de forma epidêmica em todos os municípios, atingindo moradores das próprias localidades de transmissão, ambos os sexos e crianças menores de quatro anos[3 24]
Por ser área de transmissão recente de leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA), estudos são necessários para melhor compreensão da interação dos ciclos selváticos e domésticos, da real contribuição dos animais domésticos e do homem na manutenção da endemia, bem como, dos fatores que interferem nas variações do micro e macro ambiente
Summary
American cutaneous leishmaniasis acquired epidemic characteristics on the northern coastline of the State of São Paulo beginning in the 1990s. A maior freqüência de casos de LTA em São Sebastião deu-se inicialmente, na região mais populosa, na divisa com Caraguatatuba e avançou para a região sul nos anos seguintes (Figura 5).
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