Abstract
Leishmaniasis is an anthropozoonosis caused by a protozoan of the genus Leishmania, transmitted predominantly by the bite of sand flies of the genus Lutzomya. It is a disease of high relevance in public health. The objective of this paper was to review leishmaniasis in horses. In these animals, the disease causes papulonodular and/or ulcerated lesions and rarely lymphadenopathy. The diagnosis is made mainly by the histopathological examination of the skin lesions and by serological methods. Leishmaniasis should be included in the differential diagnosis of cutaneous diseases in horses that are not responsive to antibiotics and antifungals. Equine leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease and its importance in the human leishmaniasis transmission cycle is still unclear.
Highlights
Leishmaniasis is an anthropozoonosis caused by a protozoan of the genus Leishmania, transmitted predominantly by the bite of sand flies of the genus Lutzomya
It is a disease of high relevance in public health
Leishmaniasis should be included in the differential diagnosis of cutaneous diseases in horses that are not responsive to antibiotics and antifungals
Summary
La leishmaniasis debe incluirse en el diagnóstico diferencial de enfermedades cutáneas en los equinos que no responden a antibióticos y antifúngicos. As leishmanias são divididas em dois grupos: as que causam a doença na forma cutânea A adaptação dos vetores a sobreviverem no meio ambiente alterado pelo homem e a movimentação de animais entre áreas endêmicas e não endêmicas da leishmaniose, são alguns dos fatores que mais contribuem para essa disseminação (Dantas-Torres et al, 2012).
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