Abstract
Leiomyosarcoma is a rare mesenchymal malignant neoplasm, of which 3% to 10% of cases occur in the head and neck region. The leiomyosarcoma of the tongue is a very rare tumor with only 10 cases described in the literature. This work reports a case of oral leiomyosarcoma arising in the lateral border of the tongue of a 78-year-old man. Clinical examination showed a well-demarcated, firm and painful nodule measuring about 3 cm in diameter. After incisional biopsy, microscopic analysis showed the spindle-shaped tumor cells were arranged in an interlacing fascicular pattern and contained oval to elongated blunt-ended (cigar-shaped) nuclei. More than 10 mitoses per high-power field were counted. Immunohistochemical examination displayed that tumor cells were strongly positive to H-caldesmon, actin, and vimentin and negative to S100, establishing the final diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma. The patient was referred for oncologic treatment.
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