Abstract
Leiomyomas are benign tumors of smooth muscle origin occurring throughout the genitourinary system, most commonly in the renal capsule. Bladder and urethral leiomyomas are uncommon, with approximately 200 reported cases to date. Although bladder leiomyoma accounts for less than 1% of bladder tumors, it is the most common benign soft tissue neoplasm of the bladder. The etiology and pathogenesis of these tumors are unclear, although some have hypothesized a hormonal influence, a concept supported by reports of enlargement during pregnancy and shrinkage after delivery, as well as demonstration of the presence of estrogen receptors by immunohistochemistry in 1 case. 1
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