Legal Regulation of Scientific (Scientific and Technological) Expertise in Foreign Countries

Abstract

Introduction. Amid the complicated foreign policy situation and increased sanction pressure from foreign countries, officials are actively discussing the creation of a domestic system for assessing the effectiveness of research and development. One of the fundamental elements of such a system should be scientific (scientific and technological) expertise, the need for which in the Russian Federation is determined by the relevance of monitoring the legal regulation of social relations in the sphere of scientific (scientific and technological) expertise in foreign countries. The purpose of this study is to identify the specifics of foreign legal regulation of the scientific (scientific and technological) expertise system. Methods. The study uses the analysis, system and structural, functional, comparative and formal legal methods. Results and Discussian. This work explores the mechanisms of legal regulation of scientific (scientific and technological) expertise in certain CIS and non-CIS countries with markedly different approaches. The materials analysed in this study allow us to get a comprehensive picture of the regulatory system used in foreign countries. The results of the study can be used to create a legal regulation system for scientific (scientific and technological) expertise in the Russian Federation. Conclusion. The results of the study allow us to draw conclusions about the existence of various scientific (scientific and technological) expertise regulation systems. Different countries use different combinations of state scientific (scientific and technological) expertise regulation and regulation at the level of expert organisations, meaning that scientific (scientific and technological) expertise can be regulated not only by acts issued by public authorities but also by the local acts issued by legal entities organising or conducting expert activities.