Abstract
Issues in fisheries have been regulated in various international conventions. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (UNCLOS 1982) has builta regime in the field of conservation and management of fishery resources based upon maritime zones or fish species that exist and available in this zone. However, UNCLOS 1982 only focuses on the issue of fisheries in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and the high seas, thus it was not sufficient to overcome the problems of high frequent of fishing in maritime zones which are fully subject to the jurisdiction of coastal states, such as in the Inland waters, archipelagic waters and the Territorial Sea. This article aims to examine the legal framework and mechanisms of fisheries subsidies in the aspects of trade and sustainable development. In this article, discussion would carried out in order to examine the legal framework and mechanisms of marine fisheries subsidies that are implemented with the principles of fair-trade and sustainable development, both in the international level, as well as in the national level. Thus, this research is expected to be able to bridge the interests of developed countries and developing countries, especially Indonesia, in order to achieve fair trade in the field of fisheries and resource utilization of sustainable fisheries.
Highlights
Fisheries are almost invariably used as a source of protein and play an important role for food security and the economy
The issue of fisheries has been regulated in various international conventions.The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (UNCLOS 1982) has builta regime in the field of conservation and management of fishery resources based upon maritime zones or fish species that exist and available in this zone
UNCLOS 1982 only focus on the issue of fisheries in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and the high seas, so it was not sufficient to overcome the problems of high frequent of fishing in maritime zones which are fully subject to the jurisdiction of coastal states, such as in the Inland waters, archipelagic waters and the Sea Territories
Summary
Fisheries are almost invariably used as a source of protein and play an important role for food security and the economy. There are some factors that contribute to the expansion of fishing have been initiated since the 11th century and continue to grow rapidly to this day; aquantity of reduction in marine fish and freshwater fish, a rapid growth of human population, the increased trade between countries and the introduction of new technologies These circumstances gave rise to concerns that food security would be threatened because fishery resources would run out due to overexploitation.1Fishing vessels are equipped with technology that is able to maximize the catch can not be separated from government subsidies in the field of marine fisheries. It should explain the legal framework and mechanisms of fisheries subsidies run in Indonesia and international view from the aspect of international trade and sustainable development.This paper seeks to provide national strategies policy that can improve the competitiveness of the domestic fishery commodities to foreign fishery commodities in domestic and international markets related to the implementation of fisheries subsidies
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