Abstract
The article presents the results of a study of de jure (modeled) and de facto (real) interpretation of the concept legal and linguistic uncertainty, which is relevant for modern Russian legal discourse, lawmaking, judicial, and expert practice. These features are typical for Russian legal discourse, lawmaking, judicial, expert practice, as well as the scientific sphere of communication. The article is aimed at studying the objective and subjective reasons for legal and linguistic uncertainty of legislative terms and legislative norms; analysing the conditions under which uncertainty is considered as an attribute of law language and a means of legal regulation or a defective formulating legal rules, falsa leclio. Legal and linguistic uncertainty is considered from different points of view: (a) the dichotomy clarity/ uncertainty; (b) the legislative definition; (c) attitude to the system of Russian legislation terms; (d) variability, disambiguate, double-meaning; (e) the basis for procedural decisions (expert assessment, adjustment of the norm of the draft law or the current law, rejection of the draft law). The subjective factors of legal and linguistic uncertainty are analyzed, on the one hand, from the position of professional competencies of law developers and specialists examining laws in different aspects - linguistic, legal, anti-corruption, legal and technical, pedagogical, etc. On the other hand, they are analysed from the point of view of legal and other knowledge of the addressees, those, who interpret the law. The research methodology is traditional for modern Russian studies and legal linguistics: analysis, comparison, deduction, induction, analogy, modeling, as well as contextual, interpretive, systemic, discursive, interdisciplinary, practice-oriented and other approaches. Due to interdisciplinary nature of the research, works on linguistics, jurisprudence, legal linguistics, documents of legislative, judicial, expert practice, texts of Russian (federal) laws, materials from the Dictionary of Terms of Russian Legislation were used. The prospects for the study are outlined: considering legal and linguistic uncertainty in the aspect of creating laws in two or more state languages, orthology, etc.
Highlights
The article presents the results of a study of de jure and de facto interpretation of the concept “legal and linguistic uncertainty”, which is relevant for modern Russian legal discourse, lawmaking, judicial, and expert practice
These features are typical for Russian legal discourse, lawmaking, judicial, expert practice, as well as the scientific sphere of communication
Legal and linguistic uncertainty is considered from different points of view: (a) the dichotomy “clarity/ uncertainty”; (b) the legislative definition; (c) attitude to the system of Russian legislation terms; (d) variability, disambiguate, double-meaning; (e) the basis for procedural decisions
Summary
Законодательное Собрание Омской области, Российская Федерация, 644002, Омск, ул. Красный Путь, д. 1. Цель исследования заключается в осмыслении объективных и субъективных причин юридико-лингвистической неопределенности законодательного термина и законодательной нормы, условий, при которых неопределенность рассматривается в качестве атрибута языка права и средства правового регулирования социальных отношений либо недочета формулирования правового правила, разночтений в истолковании. В судебной и экспертной практике для решения вопросов, связанных с юридико-лингвистической неопределенностью, и формирования релевантного понимания нормы закона проводится не антикоррупционная, а лингвистическая экспертиза. Актуальность исследования обусловлена не только значением данной проблематики для совершенствования качества российских законов, но и необходимостью решения междисциплинарных вопросов, возникающих в законотворческой, судебной, экспертной практике, наполнения методологическим, теоретическим и эмпирическим содержанием общелингвистических и лингвоюридических знаний о законодательных текстах. Цель исследования – осмысление объективных и субъективных причин юридико-лингвистической неопределенности законодательных терминов и норм, а также условий, при которых неопределенность рассматривается в качестве атрибута языка права и средства правового регулирования либо недочета формулирования правовой нормы, разных истолкований
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