Abstract
This chapter presents a general point of reference regarding the Polish legal system. It discusses the main features of the national legal system and the organisation of the judiciary system, with a special focus on civil jurisdiction. In addition, several aspects of the national legal culture and the characteristics of the Polish judicial community for instance, the system of legal education, judicial training, and nomination and career track, are analysed. The primary function of the Constitutional Tribunal (CT) is the control of hierarchical conformity of legal norms: that is, adjudicating on the conformity of the legal norms of lower rank to those considered superior, and eliminating the norms inconsistent with the system of law in force. The chapter illustrates the legal and operational framework in which Polish civil judges function. It highlights the potential problematic aspects these judges struggle within their role as decentralised European Union (EU) law judges.Keywords: Constitutional Tribunal (CT); European Union (EU) law; judiciary system; national legal culture; Polish civil judges; Polish judicial community; Polish legal system
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