Abstract
The built heritage in urban areas is severely threatened due to the increased demand for land and buildings for more profitable uses in the process of urbanization and urban development. Even though the areas have been identified and declared as conservation areas they have been kept aside and unattended which leads to several other harmful effects. Conservation on the other hand has become a challenging task due to various impediments and drawbacks in the institutional and legal structure in developing countries. The main objective of this paper is therefore to identify the limitations of the existing institutional and legal framework relating to the conservation and management of buildings with architectural and/or historical values in the city of Colombo by highlighting the issues and challenges in conservation of built heritage in emerging increased urbanization. In Sri Lanka, there are many measures taken for the protection of built heritage. Among them Department of Archaeology is the key institution overseeing the general legislative and policy framework. Colombo- the Colombo Municipal Council Area- which is selected as the case study of this article bears a historical value as it is located in a strategic position in the Indian Ocean. Currently Colombo is the Commercial Capital and the primate city in the country. Urban Development Authority (UDA) as the pioneering institution in urban development in the country has taken steps to conserve and manage the historical properties in Colombo by way of regulations and development projects along with the other stakeholders like Department Archaeology, and Colombo Municipal Council. However there are many issues and challenges still faced by the authorities in conservation and management of historical properties in the context of urbanization and urban development.
Highlights
In the phase of rapid urbanization the built heritage in urban areas become severely threatened due to the increased demand for space for more profitable uses
The researcher’s personal experience and the discussions conducted with the resource persons in the Urban Development Authority and the Department of Archaeology were contributed in writing this research paper
The Department of Archaeology has already declared about 39 properties in Colombo (CMC Area) as ancient monuments under the Antiquities Ordinance No 9 of 1940 and its amendment Act No.24 of 1998 which is fairly a low percentage (16 %) compared to the number of historical buildings found in Colombo as listed by the Urban Development Authority (UDA)
Summary
In the phase of rapid urbanization the built heritage in urban areas become severely threatened due to the increased demand for space for more profitable uses. Even though properties or areas of historic value have been identified and declared as conservation areas they have been kept aside and unattended This negligence leads to several other harmful effects such as vandalism, misuse, theft and deterioration. Sri Lanka being a developing country is compelled to prioritize the needs and wants in allocating the limited resources for each sector while addressing many burning issues like unemployment, poverty and regional imbalances in development. In this context it may not be possible to address all the issues related to the conservation and proper management of historical properties of the country. The absence of an effective conservation program especially designed for Colombo further discourages the efforts of property owners
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