Abstract
First aim was describing Smith machine squat and leg press exercise as nominal load, knee extensors activity, and rating of perceived exertion. Second aim was developing predictive equations to provide same muscular activation and same perceived exertion nominal loads during the two exercises. To do that, vastus lateralis and vastus medialis activation, as their summed surface electromyography signal integrals, and overall perceived exertions were measured at different nominal loads during Smith machine squat and leg press exercise in adult male athletes experienced in weight training. Correlation and multistep stepwise analyses were performed. Then, two different results-driven predictive equations to provide same electromyography signals and same perceived exertion nominal loads were developed. The same electromyography signal equation results were less accurate (i.e., less predictive) due to high inter-individual differences, whereas the same perceived exertion equation results were more accurate, because perceived exertion is more related to the Smith machine squat and leg press exercise overall level of exertion than to the two single muscles that were investigated. In conclusion, these two equations represented an initial attempt to provide athletes and coaches with a new tool to mutually convert equivalent nominal loads during Smith machine squat and leg press exercise over a training period.
Highlights
Closed kinetic-chain exercises (CKC, i.e., exercises performed where hand or foot is fixed in space and cannot move Blackburn and Morrissey, 1998, e.g., a leg press exercise [Leg press exercise (LP)]) are widely used in rehabilitation settings and as a training means within neuromuscular training programs to promote functional movement performance
multiple stepwise regression analysis (MSR) performed on MP showed that the models with NLMP/body weight (BW) alone and with ELMP/BW alone can both be considered the best predictors of SI, since they had the same identical regression value (r = 0.632; P ≤ 0.01)
MSRs performed on LP showed that the model of regression with nominal load during leg press exercise (NLLP)/BW alone, and with effective load during leg press exercise (ELLP)/BW alone, were the two best models to predict SI during LP (r = 0.603; P ≤ 0.01)
Summary
Closed kinetic-chain exercises (CKC, i.e., exercises performed where hand or foot is fixed in space and cannot move Blackburn and Morrissey, 1998, e.g., a leg press exercise [LP]) are widely used in rehabilitation settings and as a training means within neuromuscular training programs to promote functional movement performance. These resistance exercises are commonly prescribed as primary training modalities, aimed at strengthening lower limb muscles and developing functional enhancements based on their biomechanical similarities to many typical athletic movements (Escamilla et al, 1998; Hopkins et al, 1999). It is acknowledged that both of them increase over increasing mechanical external load (Lagally et al, 2002, 2004)
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