Left ventricular aneurysm and congestive heart failure: Value of exercise stress and isosorbide dinitrate in predicting hemodynamic results of aneurysmectomy

Abstract

In 12 patients with left ventricular aneurysm and chronic congestive heart failure, left ventricular functional reserve was assessed from the hemodynamic response to exercise stress after administration of isosorbide dinitrate. Two to 23 months (mean 8.6 months) after left ventricular aneurysmectomy hemodynamic measurements were made with the patient at rest and during exercise and were analyzed with respect to preoperative data. Left ventricular aneurysmectomy reduced mean left ventricular filling pressure from 25 to 17 mm Hg at rest (p < 0.02) and from 39 to 32 mm Hg during exercise (p < 0.05). There was no significant change in mean stroke volume index at rest or during exercise. Changes in resting and exercise hemodynamic indexes of left ventricular function produced by aneurysmectomy were inversely related to preoperative left ventricular function. Hence, hemodynamic status was less likely to improve In patients with good preoperative left ventricular function. Similarly, resting and exercise values for left ventricular function tended to improve in patients with reduced ejection fraction of the contractile section of the left ventricle. Left ventricular aneurysmectomy was generally effective in reducing left ventricular filling pressure but failed to achieve clinically important improvement in left ventricular performance during exercise. In patients with chronic congestive heart failure, left Ventricular aneurysmectomy should be performed only after careful assessment of preoperative left ventricular functional reserve.