Left and Right PVC-Induced Ventricular Dysfunction

Abstract

BackgroundFrequent premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) can result in a reversible form of cardiomyopathy that usually affects the left ventricle (LV). ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to assess whether frequent PVCs have an impact on right ventricular (RV) function. MethodsSerial cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) studies were performed in a series of 47 patients before and after ablation of frequent PVCs. ResultsPatients with RV cardiomyopathy (ejection fraction [EF] <0.45) had more frequent PVCs than did patients without decreased RV function (23% ± 11% vs 15% ± 11%, P = 0.03). Likewise, patients with LV cardiomyopathy (EF <0.50) had more frequent PVCs than did patients without decreased LV function (23% ± 10% vs 14% ± 12%, P = 0.003). LV dysfunction was present in 21 patients (45%). In patients with LV dysfunction, 15 patients (32%) had biventricular dysfunction, and 6 patients (13%) had isolated LV dysfunction. A total of 19 patients (40%) had RV dysfunction, and 4 of the patients with RV dysfunction (9%) had isolated RV dysfunction. Cardiac magnetic resonance was repeated 1.9 ± 1.3 years after ablation. In patients with successful ablation, RV function improved, and in patients without successful ablation, RV function did not significantly change (before and after ablation RVEF 0.45 ± 0.09 and 0.52 ± 0.09; P < 0.001 vs. 0.46 ± 0.07 and 0.48 ± 0.04; P = 0.14, respectively). ConclusionsFrequent PVCs can cause RV cardiomyopathy that parallels LV cardiomyopathy and is reversible with successful ablation.