Abstract
Synchronous photocatalytic water splitting and the reforming of a biomass-derived feedstock to generate hydrogen and high-value-added chemicals make full utilization of the biomass-water-splitting redox reaction; however, limited successes in this regard have been reported. Herein, incompletely polymerized graphitic carbon nitride co-doped with zinc/oxygen atoms (Zn2/O@IP-g-CN) was prepared via a step-by-step low-temperature calcination process with the assistance of melamine and zinc phthalocyanine, which successfully resulted in simultaneous photocatalytic water splitting and the reforming of biomass-derived monosaccharides to produce hydrogen (11436.7 μmol g−1 h−1) and lactic acid (92.6 %), respectively. Zn2/O@IP-g-CN exhibits a fast separation/migration rate and low resistance compared to those of pure CN, resulting in Zn2/O@IP-g-CN showing enhanced photocatalytic activity. The hydrogen release rate of 86.8 % and lactic acid yield of 89.0 % were retained compared to initial values when Zn2/O@IP-g-CN was reused in 5th cycles. Poisoning experiments indicated that 1O2, ·O2-, ·OH, and h+ were all beneficial for lactic acid production.
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