Abstract
In this paper we examine the flicker of commercial LED lamps and with the help of volunteers we explore the parameter space (frequency and duty cycle) in order to find pulsing operating conditions under which the light fluctuations are not visually perceived. The results show that LEDs under mains voltage manifest the most extreme cases of flicker and we also confirm that under pulsing mode the overall impression is of higher brightness which is an opportunity for energy savings. The results also show that the background color and luminance contrast is of high importance. Finally we propose an easy method for consumers to detect flickering of light sources under mains voltage.
Highlights
It is known that exposure to light flicker can cause photosensitive epileptic seizures in various forms depending on the individual and his visual pathology, the contrast, the wavelength and the viewing angle or distance [1].On the other hand it has been demonstrated that the pulsing of lamps offers opportunities for energy savings according to the Broca-Sulzer effect [2,3]
In this paper we examine the flicker of commercial LED lamps and with the help of volunteers we explore the parameter space in order to find pulsing operating conditions under which the light fluctuations are not visually perceived
The results show that LEDs under mains voltage manifest the most extreme cases of flicker and we confirm that under pulsing mode the overall impression is of higher brightness which is an opportunity for energy savings
Summary
It is known that exposure to light flicker (in particular at frequencies between 3 Hz and 55 Hz) can cause photosensitive epileptic seizures in various forms depending on the individual and his visual pathology, the contrast, the wavelength and the viewing angle or distance [1]. On the other hand it has been demonstrated that the pulsing of lamps offers opportunities for energy savings according to the Broca-Sulzer effect [2,3]. We decided to conduct an experiment with volunteers and explore the parameter space (frequency and duty cycle) in order to find a region of operating modes where pulsing would not be at least visually perceived
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