Abstract
This chapter focuses on uncouplers and inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation. There are literally hundreds of compounds that affect oxidative phosphorylation in one way or another. The effects of these various reagents have been tested, singly and in combination, on the P : O ratio, on crossover points, on exchange reactions, and on ATPase activity. There is one feature that complicates studies on the effect of uncouplers on oxidative phosphorylation or ATPase activity in mitochondria, namely, that small changes in the structural integrity of the mitochondria lead to uncoupling and to unmasking of the ATPase. For example, hypotonicity, Ca++, azide, bile salts, and several detergents all elicit ATPase activity, and it is often difficult, therefore, to decide what represents a direct action on the phosphorylation mechanism and what is because of a change in the structural integrity of the mitochondria.
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