Abstract
The demand for increased capacity in wireless communication networks has motivated recent research activities toward wireless systems that exploit the concept of smart antenna and space selectivity. Efficient utilization of limited radio frequency spectrum is only possible to use smart/adaptive antenna system. Smart antenna radiates not only narrow beam towards desired users exploiting signal processing capability but also places null towards interferers, thus optimizing the signal quality and enhancing capacity. We analysis the performance of adaptive (LMS) algorithm for smart antenna systems which is very important for smart antenna design. The SA incorporates this algorithm in coded form which calculates complex weights according to the signal environment. The performance of LMS algorithm is compared on the basis of normalized array factor and Mean Square Error (MSE) for SA systems. It is observed that an LMS algorithm is converging after 50 iteration.
Highlights
A smart antenna (SA) is an antenna system, which dynamically reacts to its environment to provide better signals and frequency usage for wireless communications [1,2,3]
SA known as adaptive array antennas, multiple antennas and recently multiple input multiple output (MIMO) are antenna arrays with smart signal processing algorithms used to identify spatial signal signature such as the direction of arrival (DOA) of the signal and use it to calculate beamforming vectors to track and locate the antenna beam on the target [4,5,6,7]
Radio frequency (RF) spectrum is limited and its efficient use is only possible by employing smart/adaptive antenna array system to exploit mobile systems capabilities for data and voice communication [8]
Summary
A smart antenna (SA) is an antenna system, which dynamically reacts to its environment to provide better signals and frequency usage for wireless communications [1,2,3]. Radio frequency (RF) spectrum is limited and its efficient use is only possible by employing smart/adaptive antenna array system to exploit mobile systems capabilities for data and voice communication [8]. Adaptive beamforming is a technique in which an array of antennas is exploited to achieve maximum reception in a specified direction by estimating the signal arrival from a desired direction (in the presence of noise) while signals of the same frequency from other directions are rejected. This is achieved by varying the weights of each of the sensors (antennas) used in the array. These algorithms make successive corrections to the weight vector in the direction of the negative of the gradient vector which concludes to minimum mean square error (MMSE) [11,12,13]
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