Abstract
The critique of learned helplessness research and theory and the alternative schedule-shift discrimination hypothesis offered by McReynolds ( Journal of Research and Personality, 1980, 14, 139–157) are considered. Each point made by McReynolds is discussed and a variety of recent experimental evidence is reviewed. It is concluded that McReynolds' critique is without substance and that the schedule-shift discrimination explanation of the learned helplessness effect is contradicted by existing data.
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