Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the implementation of Lean & Green (L&G) in an Industry 4.0 (I4.0) environment can enhance the potential impact of the L&G approach and help manufacturing companies moving towards higher operational and sustainable performances. The research work developed here shows that although a proper definition of L&G is neither exposed worldwide nor explicitly implemented under that name, the current industrial firms are deeply concerned about the demanding challenge of keeping businesses flexible and agile without forgetting strategies to minimize the acceleration of climate change. So, one contribution of this paper is the identification and characterization of L&G drivers and design principles, supporting a robust and well-informed L&G systems implementation. As inferred from the research work, this challenge demands high quality and updated data together with assertive information. Thus, the implementation of L&G in I4.0 contexts is the answer to overcome the identified barriers. Likewise, an L&G system contributes to overcoming the challenges of I4.0 implementation regarding the triple bottom line sustainability concept. Consequently, another contribution of this paper is to depict why an L&G system performs better in the I4.0 context.
Highlights
Lean and Green (L&G) is an emerging topic evolving around industrial firms today
Finding waste using Lean principles and assessing the entire system using System Dynamics model to determine the factors that contribute to overall Lean and Green performance Attaining green production by technological innovations initiated by Lean production Using Lean training and Lean tool, Lean tool Value stream mapping is used to increase production, profit, and environmental sustainability
Structural equation modelling approach was employed to examine the relationships among lean management, green operations, and green behavior using the data Professional institution frameworks are used as a base to regulate the conceptual framework to evaluate the performance
Summary
Lean and Green (L&G) is an emerging topic evolving around industrial firms today. The philosophy of Lean explains improvements in the efficiency of the process by identifying and eliminating the non-value-added activities in a process flow. Lean is commonly accepted in the industrial sector as a conventional solution to reduce waste in the supply chain and maintain production processes' productivity (Valamede and Akkari, 2020). It is incorporated in almost every operation in most reputed and upcoming industries (Duarte and Cruz-Machado, 2017a). The Green term means that actions are environmental oriented, helping to reduce environmental impacts like reduction of Greenhouse gases and hazardous wastes (Duarte and CruzMachado, 2017a). The principle of Lean can be compared to a quote, "Prevention is better than cure," said by the Dutch philosopher (Desiderius Erasmus, 1500), which explains that the idea of Lean is to eradicate the waste entirely and not to minimize it
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