Abstract
An analysis of the con.nement losses in photonic crystal fibers due to the finite numbers of air holes is performed by means of the finite element method. The high flexibility of the numerical method allows us to consider fibers with regular lattices, like the triangular and the honeycomb ones, and circular holes, but also fibers with more complicated cross sections like the cobweb fiber. Numerical results show that by increasing the number of air hole rings the attenuation constant decreases. This dependence is very strong for triangular and cobweb fibers, whereas it is very weak for the honeycomb one.
Highlights
Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) guide the electromagnetic field by means of an arrangement of air holes that run down the entire fiber length
The same kind of fiber has been investigated through the finite element method (FEM) based on the imaginary distance technique and using perfectly matched layers (PML) as boundary conditions [3]
The results show that with a proper design, fibers with confinement losses negligible with respect to those due to the medium can be obtained for both triangular and cobweb fibers
Summary
Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) guide the electromagnetic field by means of an arrangement of air holes that run down the entire fiber length. A FEM formulation for modal analysis based on anisotropic perfectly matched layers able to calculate as many modes as desired in a single run without setting any iterative procedure has been recently presented and applied to the analysis of leaky modes in antiresonant reflecting optical waveguides [6]. In this work this formulation is applied to the analysis of the leakage properties of holey fibers with both circular and non-circular holes as well as photonic band gap fibers. On the contrary it has been observed that honeycomb fiber exhibits high loss with cross section having many air holes
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