Abstract
Advances in proteome research have opened the gateway to understanding numerous metabolic pathways and fundamental mechanisms involved in abiotic stress tolerance. In the present study, the antioxidant capacity of four tomato genotypes i.e., Kashi Amrit, Kashi Anupam, EC-317-6-1, and WIR-4360 was determined under drought stress to ascertain the scavenging potential for reactive oxygen species (ROS). A significant increase in the superoxide dismutase (SOD), Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT) activities in all the four genotypes under drought stress was observed, which seemed to be associated with a protective role against ROS (p < 0.001). Based on the antioxidant enzyme activities, a proteomic approach was applied to study differential protein expression in two selected genotypes from different species i.e., EC-317-6-1 (Solanum pimpinellifolium) and Kashi Amrit (Solanum lycopersicum) grown under irrigated, drought, and re-watering conditions. To reveal the protein network regulated under these conditions, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was employed to identify and quantify the number of proteins in drought-sensitive (Kashi Amrit) and tolerant (EC-317-6-1) genotypes. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight analysis (MALDI-TOF) revealed a total of 453 spots after fine-tuning factors i.e., smoothness, saliency, and minimum area that responded to drought. Out of 453 total spots, 93 spots were identified in Kashi Amrit and 154 in EC-317-6-1 under irrigated conditions, whereas 4 spots were identified in Kashi Amrit and 77 spots in EC-317-6-1 under drought conditions. Furthermore, differentially expressed proteins were distinguished according to the fold change of their expression. Information provided in this report will be useful for the selection of proteins or genes in analyzing or improving drought tolerance in tomato cultivars. These findings may assist in the construction of a complete proteome database encompassing various divergent species which could be a valuable source for the improvement of crops under drought-stress conditions in the future.
Highlights
Tomato is a well-studied species belonging to the family Solanaceae, primarily because of its short generation time, rudimentary diploid hereditary qualities, outstanding genetic transformation methodology, and an immensely well-characterized genetic resource [1]
The four tomato genotypes showed differential antioxidant potential measured in terms of superoxide dismutase (SOD), CAT, and Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity under drought stress
Our research report provided a systematic proteome analysis of tomato plants grown under irrigated, drought, and re-watering conditions using drought-tolerant (EC-317-6-1 and WIR-4360) and susceptible (Kashi Amrit and Kashi Anupam) genotypes
Summary
Tomato is a well-studied species belonging to the family Solanaceae, primarily because of its short generation time, rudimentary diploid hereditary qualities, outstanding genetic transformation methodology, and an immensely well-characterized genetic resource [1]. 1.64 billion tons on an area of nearly 4.8 million hectares [2]. In India, tomato is cultivated on an 813 thousand hectares area with 21.2 million metric tons production [3]. Tomato has been a model plant for molecular studies aiming at improving fruit quality and stress tolerance to different abiotic stress factors [5,6]. Abiotic stresses caused by different environmental factors could negatively influence crop growth and development. Crop plants respond to different abiotic stresses via various modifications at morphological, cellular, physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. Drought is one of the major limiting factors for tomato production that adversely affects its performance and threatens its productivity. Tomato has been found to show limited tolerance against high temperature and drought stress [7]
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