Abstract
In a survey of nearly all extant taxa of Cercocarpus (Rosaceae), the observed patterns of leaf architectural variation have resulted in new proposals of possible relationships within the genus. Leaf architectural data indicate that the monospecific montanus complex is polyphyletic. Cercocarpus montanus var. traskiae belongs to the fothergilloides complex at specific rank. Cercocarpus montanus var. blancheae, C. montanus var. glaber, and C. montanus var. macrourus belong in a single species as three varieties. Cercocarpus montanus var. montanus and C. montanus var. argenteus should be placed in a single species as two varieties. Cercocarpus montanus var. paucidentatus has affinities to C. montanus var. montanus and C. montanus var. argenteus and should be raised to specific rank. Cercocarpus montanus var. minutiflorus displays a set of character states that place it between C. montanus var. glaber and C. montanus var. traskiae; it should be treated at specific rank. In the fothergilloides complex, C. macrophyllus and C. mojadensis appear to be closely related; the affinities of C. fothergilloides and C. pringlei are unclear. In the ledifolius complex, C. ledifolius var. intercedens is architecturally intermediate between C. ledifolius var. ledifolius and C. ledifolius var. intricatus.
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