Abstract
ABSTRACT Purpose: Whistleblowing intention (WBI) has been conceptualized and evidenced as a social construct in the literature. As a construct subject to social and environmental factors nevertheless, WBI can better be understood from the point of view of demographic variables underpinned by various theories. This study attempts to integrate and draw on relevant theories to explain the influence of leadership status and demographic variables on WBI. Design/methodology/approach: A self-reported questionnaire was used to gather data from 630 randomly selected health workers in a developing country context. Pearson’s correlation test and structural equation modelling (SEM) were used to assess the association between the work characteristics, including leadership status, and WBI. Findings: The study confirmed that leaders, compared with non-leaders, are more likely to engage in external but not internal whistleblowing in the hospital. Gender, professional tenure, religious affiliation, and education have a significant impact on overall WBI as well as internal and external WBI. Every job characteristic considered predicts at least one measure of WBI. Originality/value: This study is the first to develop a consolidated theory to explain all socio-demographic factors that influence WBI in healthcare. It also highlights key implications for healthcare management.
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