Leadership Behavior, Problem-Attack Behavior, and Effectiveness of High School Principals

Abstract

THE TERMS ''leadership and have often been used interchangeably in the literature of school administration. However, writers recent ly have thrown a cloud of doubt upon this practice. Hemphill, Griffiths, and Frederiksen, in an exten sive study of the administrative behavior of 232 ele mentary school principals, reported in 1962 that no clear-cut factor of leadership was found. (2: 345) At least one writer (Lipham) has proposed that leadership and administration be defined to comprise mutually exclusive functions (4: 141), the leader ship function being that of initiating change in struc ture and the administrative function that of maintain ing established structure. (4: 122, 123) In support of this position Hemphill has said, It is important to distinguish between (a) the behavior of an admin istrator, (b) administrative behavior, and (c) lead ership behavior. (3: 190)