Abstract
Common point‐of‐use (POU) devices that met NSF/ANSI‐53 certification standards for lead removal before July 16, 2007, were evaluated for the reduction of lead and other trace metals in drinking water. Systematic testing and evaluation of various POUs focused on particulate and dissolved lead removal efficacy, under conditions different from those addressed in the NSF‐53 testing protocol (particle type, water tested, lead levels). Tap‐mounted and under‐the‐sink POUs showed, globally, adequate removal performance, although the NSF threshold value for lead of 10 pg/L was occasionally slightly exceeded. Pour‐through POUs failed to remove particulate lead, decreased pH, did not reduce turbidity, and were the least efficient for chlorine removal. Copper removal was effective for any concentration tested, and silver was detected in effluent water. Nitrification did not increase the dissolution of lead particles trapped in the filters.
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