Abstract
The adsorption experiment of three different calcareous soils (loam and clay) for Nineveh governorate (Tel Aakoub, Ibrahim Al-Khalil, and Taqlif) was classified under Aridsol-Calciorthids with a slight slant to alkaline (7.43), non saline (3.24 dS m-1), Low content of organic matter (17.3 gkg-1), cation exchange capacity (42 Cmolc kg-1), high content of carbonate minerals (409 g kg-1). Lead adsorption was studied by batch equilibrium method at a temperature of (298 Kelvin) for lead solutions (5,10,20,40,80,100 mg L-1). For 48 hours,the lead was measured in equilibrium solutions and the adsorption criteria were calculated according to Langmuir ,Freundlich and the DR equations. The results of the mathematical description of lead adsorption showed high efficiency in the use of Langmuir , Freundlich and the DR equations at the concentrations used. The lead added to the soil was also distributed between the equilibrium solution and the solid soil phase in terms of propagation coefficient values (Kd), which ranged from (111.8) to(255.5 l kg-1)with an average of 169 l kg-1. The DR equation exceeded the Langmuir and Freundlich equivalents in the description of lead adsorption to obtain the highest coefficient of determination (R2) and a lesser standard error (SE).The adsorption capacity (qm) of the lead ion in the study of soil was( 13.63 - 41.48 mol g-1).The K value associated with the adsorption capacity ranged from (-0.44) to (- 1.24) (mol2 KJ -2). The value of (E) is the free energy rate of the reaction ranged from the lead adsorption values (0.63 - 1.06 KJmol-1)
Highlights
Recently, heavy metal interactions in soils have come under scrutiny, mainly as a result of the increasing emphasis on the disposal of sewage sludge,fules,industrial, war wors, The adsorption of Pb by calcareous soils is poorly understood in contrast to adsorption by noncalcareous soils
It is expected that the presence of carbonate minerals can have a great effect on Pb mobility and reactivity through their surface interactions with Pb and through their effect on soil pH The process of adsorption is influenced by several factors, the most important of which are clay because they are involved in the important chemical reactions
This is due to the difference in the low content of the organic matter and the clay content of the soil of the study, which is within the arid and semi-arid regions and characterized by the prevailing environmental conditions from the increase in the annual temperature which increases the effectiveness of microorganisms that decomposes organic matter as well as the lack of the moisture in the soil, as well as the lack of precipitation that does not lead to the formation of a good vegetation help to build organic soil (Olorunfemi et al,2016)
Summary
Heavy metal interactions in soils have come under scrutiny, mainly as a result of the increasing emphasis on the disposal of sewage sludge,fules ,industrial, war wors, The adsorption of Pb by calcareous soils is poorly understood in contrast to adsorption by noncalcareous soils. Carbonate minerals are major components of calcareous soils and may represent potential adsorption surfaces for heavy metals (Kabata-Pendias ,2011; Das ,2011). It is, expected that the presence of carbonate minerals can have a great effect on Pb mobility and reactivity through their surface interactions with Pb and through their effect on soil pH The process of adsorption is influenced by several factors, the most important of which are clay because they are involved in the important chemical reactions. The outer sphere of the Kaolinite is the main cause, (Ebrahimi et al, 2018)
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