Abstract
Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program (NIDCAP) is a program of care that aims to support the development of preterm infants. This program applies during hospitalisation of the child and his parents in neonatology. This support begins at birth, and it is integrated into medical and nursing care. This personalized care is centered on the premature child and his family. NIDCAP is based on the synactive theory of infant development described by Heidelise Als in 1982. According to this theory, observing the behavior of prematurity based on 5 systems (autonomic, motor, sleep-wake, attentional and self-regulatory) allows to adapt care at skills of the child. Caregiving development used correspond firstly to environmental strategies (control of sound and visual stimulation) and other behavioral strategies (swaddling, non-nutritive sucking, early skin-to-skin…). The role of parents and support breastfeeding are also central on the organization of care. NIDCAP that integrates these techniques and individualized care has shown efficacy in the neonatal period and the development of children up to 2years.
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