Abstract
Objectives: The authors had for aim to establish the frequency of severe malaria in pediatric medical emergencies, the distribution of its various clinical forms, and its lethality in hospital settings. Method: A prospective study was carried out from July 1st, 1998 to December 31st, 1999 at the Dakar Albert Royer Children’s Hospital. All the children admitted in the ICU with a positive thick blood drop and at least one WHO criterion of malaria gravity was included. Results: Severe malaria accounted for 16% of the medical emergencies. Neurological manifestation were the most frequent (75% to 97%). Anemia was significantly higher in younger patients (24.5%) and lethality reached 14.5%. Comments: The incidence of severe malaria in Dakar has not changed in the last 30 years. However the disease occurs earlier during the transmission period. Thus, it is necessary to promote an early management of severe malaria and to improve the technical level of assistance in order to reduce the lethality of this disease in Senegal.
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