Le harcèlement et les violences dans le sport : quelles stratégies de prévention ?

Abstract

Non-accidental violence, comprising including harassment and abuse, violates personal human rights and may have severe short and and long-term physical, psychological, social and performance-related consequences. In addition to sexual harassment and abuse, several other types of violence have been identified, e.g. psychological, physical and willful acts of neglect. Non-accidental violences may occur among athletes of all ages, genders, and within all sports and performance levels, but disabled, child and lesbian/gay/bisexual/trans-sexual (LGBT) athletes are at highest risk. Particular attention is paid to the serious health risks faced by children and disabled sportspeopleathletes. Victims of harassment and abuse have been shown to have an increased willingness to cheat in sport and participate in doping. The promotion of safe sport is an urgent task and part of the broader priorities of international imperative for good governanceand national in sport federations. A multidisciplinary approach of prevention is most effective, involving athletes, family members, sport managers, medical and therapeutic practitioners, staff members, etc. Practical recommendations have been suggested by the International Olympic Committee for sport organisationsorganizations, athletes, sports physicians, sport scientists. The successful prevention and eradication of abuse and harassment against athletes is mainly related to the effectiveness of leadership by the major international and national sport organisationsorganizations.