Le débat sur l'extension de l'obligation vaccinale en France: analyse discursive et argumentative d'une parole "éclatée"

Abstract

French vaccination policy has recently been the subject of much debate on the advisability and risks of extending the vaccination obligation. The legal provision introducing 11 compulsory vaccines on January 1, 2018 called for the mobilization of different groups of actors (institutional representatives, doctors, researchers, parents’ associations, representatives of pharmaceutical companies, citizens, etc.) often speaking in different arenas. Indeed, if political debates and parliamentary committees are invested by institutional actors and experts, discussion forums and social networks constitute the privileged place of expression of non-institutional actors or lay-experts, who use this space for discussion above all to express their scepticism or their reluctance over vaccines. The objective of this contribution is to analyse on the one hand the forms and mechanisms put in place in the construction of the debate on this social issue and, on the other hand, to highlight the linguistic and argumentative specificities of the discourse of pro-vaccinalists and of the anti-vaccinalists, categories which bring together different actors.