LDRf classification for ectopic varices in gastrointestinal tract

Abstract

Objective To study the feasibility of LDRf classification for gastrointestinal tract ec- topic varices （EcV） outside the esophagus. Methods Data of 914 patients with gastrointestinal EcV were classified by LDRf and analyzed for EeV location （ L）, vascular diameter （D） , and risk factor （Rf）. The etiology of the portal hypertension （PH） was determined, and the patients were treated and followed up. Results The EeVs were located in duodenum of 198 cases, in jejunum and ileum of 93, in bile duct of 105, in colon of 65, and in rectum of 453. Diameters of blood vessels of EcV varied from 0. 3 to 3.5 cm. PH causes were cirrhosis with portal hypertention in 630 patients （68. 9% ）, in which 3 were autoimmune cirrhosis and 3 were portal spongiform fiver disease （0. 6% ）. Combined esophageal and gastric varices were found in 252 cases （27.6 % ） , including 4 cases （0. 5% ） of splenectomy. Various treatments were applied in 315 patients, including endoscopic tissue adhesive injection in 43, endoscopic sclerotherapy in 76, endo- scopic ligation in 74, interventional treatment in 52, and surgical laparotomy in 70. A total of 19 patients died of variceal bleeding. The patients were followed up for 13 to 36 months, no varices relapsed, and 1-year survival rate was 100%. Conclusion LDRf classification, simple, applicable, standardized, is suitable for the whole gastrointestinal varicose veins. Key words: Varicose veins, heterotopic ; Endoscopy; Hypertension, portal; LDRf typing