LCA 및 LCC 기법을 이용한 태양광 및 풍력 발전의 환경⋅경제적 편익 분석

Abstract

In these last years, the globe faces energy-related problems due to the rational use of resources, greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission and pollutants by the combustion of non-renewable resources. Furthermore, the international oil price has been rapidly increasing with depletion of fossil fuels. For mitigation of these problems, many projects are being planned to use of not traditional fuels and of renewable resources, such as solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, and biomass in the world. Especially, solar and wind power have received particular attention as very important energy source of pollution free and unlimited new renewable energy. Many countries have introduced a policy to promote the installation of PV (Photovoltaic) and wind power systems in accordance with the reduction obligation of greenhouse gases in Climatic Change Convention. For this reason, the global demand for the PV and wind power system is increasing every year. Korea has also established to national energy policy for PV and wind power system up to 47.1% of total renewable energy supply by 2030. In order to achieve this goal, the amount of electricity generation by PV system will increase from 812 GWh (2010) to 1,972 GWh (2030) and the amount of electricity generation by Wind power will increase from 1,073 GWh (2010) to 16,620 GWh (2030). Thus, this study analyses the environmental impacts about PV system including sc-Si (single crystalline silicon) and mc-Si (multi crystalline silicon) PV system and wind power system throughout its life cycle. Added to this, economic impacts of target system are estimated based on the life cycle costing (LCC) method that consider total costs, which is capital cost, operation and maintenance (O&M) cost and decommissioning cost.