Abstract
Car tire manufacturing can be the cause of numerous environmental hazards. Harmful emissions from the production process are an acute danger to human health as well as the environment. To mitigate these unwanted consequences, manufacturers employ the eco-balance analysis at the product designing and development stage, when formulating general development strategies, and increasingly when investigating the entire product lifecycle management process. Since the negative effects of products are considered in a broader range of implications, it has become necessary to extend the traditional scope of analytical interest onto the production, use, and end-of-life stages. This work investigates the manufacturing of passenger car tires executed with traditional and modern manufacturing technologies. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of tires reported in this study involved three LCA methods: Eco-Indicator 99, Cumulative Energy Demand (CED) and the scientific assessment methods developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Global Warming Potential (IPCC). LCA as a tool for environmental analysis can be carried out for the entire life cycle or its individual phases. The implementation of the work made it possible to demonstrate that as a result of the identification of the main sources of negative impacts, it is possible to propose ways to minimize these impacts in the car tire manufacturing process. The results indicate that the most damaging impact is the depletion of natural resources, which play a key role in the production process of car tires.
Highlights
The natural environment consists of many interacting phenomena and processes that must achieve a state of equilibrium
The framework for the minimization of the environmental impact occurring in the life cycle of industrial products is rooted in the concept of
It is one of the concepts recommended by the European Commission that are instrumental in achieving sustainable development
Summary
The natural environment consists of many interacting phenomena and processes that must achieve a state of equilibrium. Manufacturing activity is constantly striving towards one direction—a cycle of production and consumption. In this cycle, raw materials are in the end converted to waste and dangerous emissions. In order to reduce the consumption of raw materials, manufacturers must take this is into account at the design and production stage of a product. The global production of tires currently reaches about 2 billion units, and the world production of rubbers is at nearly 30 million tonnes.T. The global production of tires currently reaches about 2 billion units, and the world production of rubbers is at nearly 30 million tonnes.T This will not change in the near future; the number of passenger cars traveling on the road will only increase, and motor vehicles cannot be manufactured without tires
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