Abstract
Background: Genus Stachys is one of the largest of the Lamiaceae family, having around 300 different plant species inhabiting areas with temperate and warm climates. The Stachys species in Turkey are represented with 81 taxa; 51 of them being endemic. Plants of the Stachys genus have been known for their biological activity and their use in ethnomedicine. Methods: The dominant components of S. cretica ssp. anatolica aqueous and methanol extracts were studied with the LC-MS/MS technique. Results: Chlorogenic acid, apigenin-7-glucoside and verbascoside present as the dominant polyphenols found in studied extracts. The prominent biological activity of the studied S. cretica ssp. anatolica methanol and aqueous extracts showed strong antioxidant activity and inhibition of enzymes tyrosinase and α-amylase, involved in skin disorders and diabetes mellitus type II. Conclusions: This study has proven that the aqueous and methanol extracts of S. cretica ssp. anatolica have prominent antioxidant activity, due to a high abundance of polyphenols. The strong antioxidant properties of S. cretica ssp. anatolica extracts show promising application for the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetics industries.
Highlights
Plants are well-known in ethnopharmacology as source of biologically active compounds and present a valuable resource for many modern drugs derived from natural resources [1]
In the Mediterranean, Stachys plant species are well-known in ethnomedicine, where they are used as food additives, herbal teas and medicine [4,5]
Previous studies showed that extraction with a solvent of different polarity resulted in a different yield of phenolic compounds [13,14,15,18,19,20]
Summary
Plants are well-known in ethnopharmacology as source of biologically active compounds and present a valuable resource for many modern drugs derived from natural resources [1]. The genus Stachys is one of the largest of the Lamiaceae family, having around 300 different plant species inhabiting areas with temperate and warm climates [3]. In the Mediterranean, Stachys plant species are well-known in ethnomedicine, where they are used as food additives, herbal teas and medicine [4,5]. They have many different applications, ranging from use as disinfectants to wound healing, as astringents, anti-diarrheal, anti-spasmodic, to moderate earaches, in the inhibition of genital tumor development, cancerous ulcers, for mucus dissolving, cough relieving, alleviating the symptoms of asthma, curing fevers, in pain therapy, abdominal pain, dizziness, cramps, gout and menstrual disorders [4,5]
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